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目的探讨脑血管病(cerebral vascular disease,CVD)患者的颅内外动脉狭窄情况及其与CVD危险因素和发病率的关系。方法对160例CVD患者行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检测,对颅内外动脉血管的狭窄发生率、狭窄程度、分布特点和危险因素进行统计分析。结果 CVD患者颅内外动脉狭窄的发生率为65%,中、老年组的中重度狭窄的比率明显高于青年组;伴高血压和糖尿病的患者多分布在颅内动脉狭窄组,而伴高血脂和吸烟的患者多分布在颅外动脉狭窄组患者中;中、重度血管狭窄组的脑梗死和TIA的发病率高于脑出血组(P<0.05)。结论高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和吸烟易导致颅内外动脉狭窄,而后者是CVD发病的重要因素之一;随血管狭窄程度的增加CVD的发病率升高。
Objective To investigate the relationship between intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis in patients with cerebral vascular disease (CVD) and its relationship with risk factors and incidence of CVD. Methods Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed on 160 CVD patients. The incidence of stenosis, stenosis, distribution and risk factors of intracranial and extracranial arteries were statistically analyzed. Results The incidence of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis in CVD patients was 65%. The rates of moderate-severe stenosis in middle-aged and elderly patients were significantly higher than those in young patients. Patients with hypertension and diabetes were mostly found in intracranial arterial stenosis group, And smoking patients were mostly distributed in extracranial arterial stenosis group. The incidence of cerebral infarction and TIA in moderate and severe vascular stenosis group was higher than that in cerebral hemorrhage group (P <0.05). Conclusions Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and smoking may lead to intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis, which is one of the important factors in the pathogenesis of CVD. The incidence of CVD increases with the increase of stenosis.