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目的:本研究旨在客观测量体力活动以确定纵向轨迹;通过不同轨迹识别未知分组;检测社区居住女性中隐匿分组的关系。方法:研究样本包括来自“女性损伤研究”的669名女性。该研究是2007年在美国西南部中心地区进行的一项为期5年的前瞻性群组研究。研究将计步器连续18个月测得的计步数据拟合成一个隐匿发展模型和一个隐匿类型发展模型;对隐匿类型成员的基线特征进行回归分析。结果:体力活动的纵向变化随季节的转换很好地适应分段隐匿发展模型。在春、秋、冬季分别观察到体力活动水平明显提高和降低(p<0.001)。确定体力活动轨迹不同的3个隐匿分组:低活跃组(46.8%)、一般活跃组(41.3%)、活跃组(11.9%)。基线年龄和体脂百分比对低活跃组形成的可能性予以充分解释。结论:尽管可以确认女性体力活动的季节性变化,但变化并不明显。相对较大部分的样本显示女性体力活动长期处于低水平。对超重或肥胖以及年龄大于40岁的女性应进行适当干预,以提高其体力活动水平。
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to objectively measure physical activity to determine longitudinal trajectories; identify unknown groups through different trajectories; and to detect the relationship of hidden groups in community-dwelling women. Methods: The study sample included 669 females from the Women Injury Study. The study was a 5-year prospective cohort study conducted in 2007 in the heart of the southwestern United States. The study fitted the pedometer data measured by the pedometer for 18 consecutive months into an occult development model and an occult type development model. Regression analysis was performed on the baseline characteristics of occult type members. Results: The longitudinal changes of physical activity adapted well to the segmented concealed development model with the seasonal change. Physical activity levels were significantly increased and decreased in spring, autumn and winter, respectively (p <0.001). Three hidden groups with different physical activity trajectories were identified: low activity group (46.8%), general active group (41.3%) and active group (11.9%). Baseline age and body fat percentages account for the likelihood of low-activity group formation. Conclusion: Although the seasonal changes in women’s physical activity can be confirmed, the changes are not obvious. A relatively large sample shows that women have long-term physical activity at low levels. For overweight or obese as well as women over the age of 40 should be properly intervened to improve their level of physical activity.