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目的了解无偿献血者HIV感染状况及流行特征。方法调查2005~2013年7月无偿献血者抗-HIV确证阳性情况,以及阳性者的性别、年龄、学历和职业构成,采用χ2检验进行数据统计分析。结果 2005~2009年确证阳性14例,阳性率0.015%(14/93 048);2010~2013年确证阳性39例,阳性率依次为0.031%(8/26 128)、0.046%(13/28331)、0.036%(11/30 501)、0.038%(7/18 288),其中男性阳性率0.054%、女性0.014%;阳性者较集中在低学历、自由职业及商业服务业组,有33%(13/39)为重复献血者。结论无偿献血者HIV阳性率近4年显著增高,有性别和职业构成差异,献血招募与征询应考虑献血人群HIV感染状况与流行特征,并尽可能选择更安全的血液检测策略。
Objective To understand the HIV status and prevalence characteristics of unpaid blood donors. Methods The positive anti-HIV status of unpaid blood donors from 2005 to July 2013 was investigated, and the gender, age, educational background and occupational structure of those who were positive were analyzed. The data were analyzed by χ2 test. Results The positive rate was 0.015% (14/93 048) in 2005 to 2009, and 39 were positive in 2010-2013. The positive rates were 0.031% (8/26 128), 0.046% (13/28331) , 0.036% (11/30 501) and 0.038% (7/18 288), respectively. The positive rate was 0.054% for males and 0.014% for females. The positive rate was higher in low education, freelance and commercial service groups, with 33% 13/39) for repeat donors. Conclusion The positive rate of HIV in unpaid blood donors was significantly higher in recent 4 years with differences in gender and occupational composition. HIV infection status and epidemic characteristics should be considered in blood donation recruitment and consultation, and a more safe blood test should be chosen as far as possible.