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目的:评估校园种菜的成本-效益,探讨其在农村学生营养改善中的作用,为农村学校因地制宜地开展校园经济提供参考依据。方法:采用问卷调查收集校园种菜的成本、产量和收益等信息;通过与校长访谈,了解开展校园种菜的总体情况;实地考察学校食堂和菜地,了解学生就餐情况以及在校园种菜项目中的受益情况。结果:校园种菜可降低学校食堂的经费支出。种植0.07hm2蔬菜需投入成本为3 970元,净效益为1 030元。种菜学校提供200g蔬菜的成本为0.3元,比直接购买节省0.3元。每0.07hm2能满足31名学生一学年、每日400g的蔬菜需求。用近0.87hm2的地种菜,能满足大规模学校(800人)学生一学年、每人每日200g的蔬菜需要。结论:在农村学校开展蔬菜种植,既能减少学校食堂的经费支出,还能增加学生新鲜蔬菜的摄入量,弥补其微量营养素摄入不足,可在农村学校开展并推广。
Objectives: To evaluate the cost-benefit of planting vegetables in schools and to explore its role in improving the nutrition of rural students so as to provide a reference for rural schools to carry out the campus economy according to local conditions. Methods: The questionnaire was used to collect the information about the cost, yield and income of planting vegetables in the campus. Through interviews with principals, the general situation of planting vegetables on the campus was investigated. The school canteens and vegetable fields were visited on-the-spot to understand the students’ eating habits and planting vegetables on campus In the benefit situation. Results: School planting can reduce school cafeteria expenses. The cost of planting 0.07hm2 of vegetables will be 3,970 yuan, with a net benefit of 1,030 yuan. Vegetable schools to provide 200g of vegetables cost 0.3 yuan, 0.3 yuan less than the direct purchase. Per 0.07hm2 to meet 31 students a school year, 400g daily vegetable needs. With 0.87hm2 of ground vegetables, to meet the large-scale school (800) students a year, 200g per person per day of vegetables needs. Conclusion: Planting vegetables in rural schools can reduce the expenditure on school canteens, increase students’ intake of fresh vegetables and make up for their inadequate intake of micronutrients, and can be carried out in rural schools.