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汉语属于孤立语,缺乏词形变化,词与词之间的语法关系主要由虚词和语序来表示。汉语虚词中的动态助词“着”放在动词后可以表示动作正在进行、状态的持续,以及用于存在句表示某事物以某种方式存在。英语有丰富的词形变化,主要通过词语内部屈折变化来表示“性、数、格、时、体、态”的语法范畴。通过分析,得出“着”在汉语中的表达不同语法意义时可以与英语中现在进行时、过去进行时、一般现在时、一般过去时四种时态相对应。
Chinese is isolated and lacks the morphological change. The grammatical relations between words and words are mainly represented by function words and word order. Dynamic auxiliaries in the Chinese function words “with ” after the verb can indicate that the action is in progress, the state is sustained, and the existential sentence means something exists in some way. English has a wealth of inflectional forms, mainly through the internal inflection of words to indicate the “sex, number, lattice, time, body, state ” grammatical category. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the expression of “shi” in Chinese can have different grammatical meanings when compared with the four tense in English nowadays, the past, the present and the past.