苏联解体 ,东欧剧变之后 ,东欧中亚国家的社会结构发生了深刻的变化。其表现之一 ,就是初步形成了上层社会与下层社会的鸿沟分野。在构成上层社会的诸多社会集团中 ,中小资产阶级引人注目。尽管各国的情况存在差异 ,但总体观察下来 ,东欧中亚国家的中小资产阶级具有以下主要特征 :第一 ,从起源方面看 ,它不是自然生成的产物而是政权力量刻意培育的结果。具体而言 ,它主要是小私有化的衍生物。第二 ,从经济基础方面看 ,它的根基不够深厚。这个特征 ,在很大程度上也是由小私有化所决定的。第三 ,从运行的状况看 ,它的发展不稳定 ,表现出明显的起伏波动。第四 ,从质的规定性方面看 ,它的阶级属性不够单纯 ,具有复合色彩。至于这一阶级今后将如何发展、变迁 ,需要进一步观察 After the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the drastic changes in Eastern Europe, profound changes have taken place in the social structure of Central Asian countries in Eastern Europe. One of its manifestations is the initial formation of a gap between the upper class and the lower class. Among the many social groups that make up the upper classes, the middle and small bourgeoisie attract attention. In spite of the differences between countries, the overall observation shows that the middle and small-scale bourgeoisie in Eastern Europe have the following main features: First, they are not naturally produced products but are deliberately cultivated by the power of the regime. Specifically, it is mainly a derivative of small privatization. Second, from the economic base, its foundation is not deep enough. This characteristic, to a large extent, is also determined by the small privatization. Third, judging from the status of operation, its development is unstable and shows obvious ups and downs. Fourthly, from the aspect of qualitative regulation, its class nature is not simple enough and has a complex color. How this class will develop and change in the future needs further observation