最重视研究膳食与健康的国家要算是美国了。早在1992年,美国农业部就制定了指导大众健康膳食的“USDA会字塔”,以金字塔底座大,顶尖小的比喻,根据食物营养与健康的关系,把日常食物分成“应该多吃”(金字塔底坐),“适量多吃”(第2层),“适量少吃”(第3层)和“少吃或不吃”(金字塔顶尖)4大类。“应该多吃的食物”包括大米、面包、谷物和面条;“适量多吃”的食物包括蔬菜和水果;“适量少吃”的食物包括鱼、家禽、蛋、干果、牛奶、奶酪 The most important country to study diet and health is America. As early as 1992, the USDA formulated a “USDA Pyramid” that guides the health of the general public. Based on the large, top-ranked pyramid of the pyramid, the daily food is divided into “should eat” according to the nutrition and health of the food. (At the bottom of the pyramid), “eat more” (second floor), “eat less” (third floor) and “eat or not eat” (top of the pyramid). “Foods that should be eaten” include rice, bread, cereals and noodles; “moderate food” includes vegetables and fruits; and “moderate foods” include fish, poultry, eggs, dried fruits, milk,