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目的探讨高频超声在糖尿病患者外周血管病变中的诊断价值。方法选取2012年4月—2015年2月长庆油田职工医院收治的糖尿病患者315例作为观察组,及同期该院收治的非糖尿病患者200例作为对照组,采用高频超声检测下肢动脉血管病变,比较两组患者下肢斑块形成、血管狭窄、血管闭塞、血栓形成发生率以及股动脉、胫动脉及足背动脉血流动力学情况。结果观察组患者下肢动脉斑块形成、血管狭窄、血管闭塞、血栓形成发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者下肢股动脉、胫动脉及足背动脉血管内径、血流量均低于对照组,频谱宽度高于对照组患者(P<0.05);糖尿病患者合并下肢动脉病变超声表现:动脉内中膜变粗糙、增厚,管壁可见斑块,或伴有声影,较大斑块向管腔内突出,血管闭塞表现为管腔内低回声或稍强回声,较大的斑块处彩色血流充盈缺损,狭窄处血流变细,流速加快,频谱加宽。闭塞处无血流信号,无频谱。结论糖尿病患者合并外周血管病变具有典型的高频超声特征,高频超声在糖尿病患者外周血管病变中具有重要的诊断价值。
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of high frequency ultrasound in peripheral vascular diseases of diabetic patients. Methods 315 patients with diabetes in Changqing Oilfield Workers Hospital from April 2012 to February 2015 were selected as the observation group and 200 non-diabetic patients treated in the same period as the control group. High-frequency ultrasonography was used to detect the changes of lower extremity arterial disease The plaque formation, stenosis, vascular occlusion, incidence of thrombosis and the hemodynamics of femoral, tibial and dorsalis pedis were compared between the two groups. Results The incidences of arterial plaque, stenosis, occlusion and thrombosis of lower extremity in observation group were higher than those in control group (P <0.05). The diameter and blood flow of femoral artery, tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery in observation group were Lower than the control group, the spectrum width is higher than the control group patients (P <0.05); Diabetic patients with lower extremity arterial lesions Ultrasound: Intimal media rough, thickened, tube wall plaque, or accompanied by acoustic shadow, larger Plaque protruding into the lumen, vascular occlusion showed low echogenic or slightly echogenic lumen, the larger the plaque filled with color flow defects, blood flow narrowing stenosis, flow speed, broadening of the spectrum. No blood flow occlusion signal, no spectrum. Conclusions Diabetic patients with peripheral vascular lesions have typical high-frequency ultrasonographic features. High-frequency ultrasound has important diagnostic value in peripheral vascular diseases of diabetic patients.