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以15份有代表性的甜瓜种质为试材,统计分析了其苗期13个质量性状和数量性状的变异和相关,以期为杂交育种亲本的选配以及苗期性状预测提供理论依据。结果表明:苗期性状变异丰富,数量性状的变异系数在35.32%和112.34%之间,其中真叶面积的变异系数最大,下胚轴长变异系数最小;质量性状的变异系数变幅为27.18%~49.69%,子叶形状变异系数最小,子叶颜色变异系数最大;聚类分析结果表明,0869(“Tyeha”)和0969(“PI-I64852”)聚为一类,其遗传背景与其它种质相差较大;在欧式距离为5.52处,可划分为厚皮类群和薄皮类群;相关分析表明,13种苗期性状中,子叶宽与单果鲜重呈显著正相关,相关系数达到0.619,可用于对甜瓜产量性状进行预测。
Fifteen representative melon germplasms were used as materials to analyze the variation and correlation of 13 quality traits and quantitative traits at seedling stage, in order to provide theoretical basis for the selection of hybrid breeding parents and the prediction of seedling traits. The results showed that the variation of seedling traits was abundant, the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits was between 35.32% and 112.34%, and the coefficient of variation of true leaf area was the largest and the coefficient of variation of hypocotyl length was the smallest. The variation coefficient of quality traits was 27.18% ~ 49.69%, the coefficient of variation of cotyledon shape was the smallest, and the coefficient of variation of cotyledon color was the largest. Cluster analysis showed that the genetic background of 0869 (“Tyeha”) and 0969 (“PI-I64852” The other germplasm was quite different. The Euclidean distance was 5.52, which could be divided into thick-skinned group and thin-skinned group. Correlation analysis showed that the cotyledon width had significant positive correlation with the fresh weight of the 13 seedlings, the correlation coefficient reached 0.619 , Can be used to predict the yield traits of melon.