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高技术制造业作为我国重要的制造业门类,虽然出口规模位居全球首位,但出口产品附加值不高,在全球价值链分工体系中基本处于低端锁定状态。本文采用进出口商品的单位价值比率对我国高技术制造业低端锁定程度进行测度,并运用面板数据模型对高技术制造业突破价值链低端锁定的影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明:内源性技术创新、市场需求扩大、政府补贴有利于高技术制造业突破低端锁定,宏观经济环境和高技术制造业的出口交货值对突破低端锁定也有一定积极影响,而高额的FDI利润则加剧了我国高技术制造业低端锁定的程度。突破高技术制造业低端锁定的路径主要是强化自主创新能力;拓展国内市场;改善政府补贴方式,提高产业补贴效率;积极引导外资投向技术创新与研发、生产性服务业等领域。
As an important manufacturing sector in China, high-tech manufacturing industry ranks the first in the world in terms of export scale, but the added value of export products is not high and is basically in the low-end locked state in the division of labor in the global value chain. In this paper, we use the unit value ratio of import and export commodities to measure the low-end locking degree of high-tech manufacturing in our country and use panel data model to analyze the influencing factors of high-tech manufacturing industry breaking through the low-end locking of the value chain. The results show that endogenous technological innovation, market demand expansion, government subsidies are conducive to high-tech manufacturing breakthrough in the low-end lock, the macroeconomic environment and the high-tech manufacturing export delivery value to break the low-end lock also have some positive impact, and The high level of FDI profits has exacerbated the low-end high-tech manufacturing in our country. Breaking the path of low-end lock-in in high-tech manufacturing is mainly to strengthen the capability of independent innovation; to expand the domestic market; to improve the mode of government subsidies and improve the efficiency of industrial subsidies; and to actively guide foreign investment in such areas as technological innovation, research and development, and producer services.