一、国际形势的缓和有利于区域经济合作近年来,随着美苏关系的缓和,整个国际形势出现了两股新潮流。就国与国关系或民族内部关系而言,出现了对话、缓和、和解与合作的趋势;就各国内部而言,出现了变革、调整、竞争和发展的趋势。有人据此而认为,现在已进入了“战后之后”的新时期。两大潮流的出现和关于“战后之后”新时期的提法,从不同角度反映了世界各国终于摆脱了战后美苏冷战带来的对立、遏制、冲突和战争的阴影。虽然美苏之间的军备竞赛仍然存在,但是以经济科技为中心的综合国力竞赛已成为各国相互角逐的主战场。出于科技进步和经济发展需要,无论是相互之间的双边交流还是区域之间的多边合作越来越不为意识形态和社会制度所转移。就东亚地区而言,上述国际形势的重大变化主要表现于: I. The easing of the international situation is conducive to regional economic cooperation In recent years, with the relaxation of the relations between the United States and the Soviet Union, two new trends have emerged in the entire international situation. In the context of the relations between nations and nations or the relations among the nations, there has been a trend of dialogue, easing, reconciliation and cooperation; and for each country, there has been a trend of change, adjustment, competition and development. Some people therefore believe that it has now entered a new era of “post-war”. The emergence of the two tidal currents and the formulation of the new period after “the post-war period” reflect from different angles that the countries in the world have finally got rid of the shadow of confrontation, containment, conflict and war brought by the post-war Cold War by the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union still exists, the comprehensive national strength race centered on economic science and technology has become the main battlefield for mutual competition between countries. For the sake of scientific and technological progress and the need of economic development, bilateral exchanges, whether between one another or the multilateral cooperation among regions, have been less and less shifted from ideology and social system. In the case of East Asia, major changes in the above international situation are mainly manifested in: