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以颗粒膜为基础的乳液因广泛应用于油田、造纸、食品、化妆品、医药等领域而备受关注。本文归纳了在油水界面形成颗粒膜的颗粒密度、粒径及润湿性等特征,并阐述了颗粒在界面吸附扩散的行为。重点从颗粒垂直于界面的分配及方向,颗粒在界面内的排列及进一步形成的空间结构综述颗粒膜结构。总结了颗粒在界面的状态及颗粒膜结构的影响因素,并从能量及力学角度进行分析。颗粒膜对乳状液稳定性影响机制主要体现在颗粒膜的结构及界面黏弹性:颗粒膜的结构阻隔液滴之间的碰撞聚并,这是乳状液稳定的基础;同时,颗粒膜通过改变界面黏弹性使得液滴在运动、碰撞、絮凝时不会轻易崩溃,从而强化了乳状液的稳定性。固体颗粒为乳化剂形成颗粒膜稳定乳状液的机制探究为稳定乳状液制备以及乳状液的破乳提供理论依据,具有现实意义。最后,本文就颗粒膜稳定乳状液的机制研究展望了其未来发展方向及可能的解决途径。
Granular film-based emulsion is widely used in fields such as oil field, papermaking, foodstuff, cosmetics and medicine. This paper summarizes the characteristics of particle density, particle size and wettability of the particle film formed at the interface of oil and water, and expounds the behavior of particle adsorption and diffusion at the interface. The focus is on the granular membrane structure from the distribution and orientation of the particles perpendicular to the interface, the arrangement of the particles in the interface and the further formation of the spatial structure. Summarizes the particles in the interface state and the particle membrane structure of the influencing factors, and from the energy and mechanical point of view for analysis. The effect mechanism of granular film on the stability of emulsion is mainly reflected in the structure and interface viscoelasticity of the granular film: the structure of the granular film blocks the collision and aggregation between the droplets, which is the basis of emulsion stability; meanwhile, Viscoelasticity makes the droplets in the movement, collision, flocculation will not easily collapse, thus enhancing the stability of the emulsion. The mechanism of solid particles as emulsifier to form stable film-like emulsion is of practical significance for the preparation of stable emulsion and the demulsification of emulsion. Finally, the paper reviews the mechanism of particle emulsion stabilizing the future development direction and possible solutions.