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铁缺乏除了可导致缺铁性贫血外,还可引起一系列中枢神经系统功能的紊乱,包括情绪、运动和认知等多个方面。认知能力包括智力、注意力、记忆力、学习能力等。缺铁可导致认知能力和学习能力减退,特别是数学成绩下降。且铁缺乏越严重,认知能力就越低下。补充铁可以明显改善铁缺乏人群出现的上述状况。本文就铁缺乏与认知方面的研究报道、铁缺乏影响认知的可能机制作一综述,并对未来的研究进行展望。
In addition to iron deficiency can lead to iron deficiency anemia, but also can cause a series of central nervous system disorders, including emotional, motor and cognitive aspects. Cognitive ability include intelligence, attention, memory, learning ability and so on. Iron deficiency can lead to a decline in cognitive ability and learning ability, especially in math. And the more serious the lack of iron, the lower the cognitive ability. Iron supplementation can significantly improve the above conditions in people with iron deficiency. This article reviews the reports of iron deficiency and cognition, the possible mechanisms by which iron deficiency affects cognition, and the prospect of future research.