[目的]了解目前上海市政府为预防与控制道路交通意外伤害颁布的有关规范道路、车辆、驾驶员及行人等相关交通政策、法规后的现状 ,并对交通事故重点人群进行交通安全知识的“知、信、行”问卷调查 ,针对薄弱环节提出政策修订意见。[方法]通过文献检索 ,人员访谈 ,座谈等方式 ,收集整理公安、卫生等部门涉及交通法规、交通事故处理、伤害人员急救及监督执法等法律、法规文件。通过问卷调查 ,了解重点人群 (中小学生、驾驶员 )的交通安全知识认知程度。[结果]本市涉及交通综合管理、驾驶员、车辆、道路环境管理及交通执法和交通伤害救治的法规文件达21件 ;18个处室部门的80位被调查者 ,对本部门、与本部门相关部门的政策知晓率100 % ,并构建了多部门合作的防护网络。在4700余份的中小学生、驾驶员问卷调查结果中涉及步行、骑自行车等交通规章行为的知晓率分别为79.2 %～82.7 % ,但随着年龄增长 ,认知与行为相关性下降。对机动车中哪些人应佩戴安全带的知晓率为72 % ;对酒后开车、疲劳开车等违反交通规章行为应受到处罚的认知正确率则高达95 %。[结论]交通法规的宣传和施行、交通安全知识认知程度不同人群中存在不平衡性。有必要进一步完善交通安全法规和加强交通法规及安全的宣传力度 ,提高交通安全的认知 [Objective] To understand the status quo of the relevant traffic policies and regulations of Shanghai Municipality for the prevention and control of road traffic accidents promulgated by the Shanghai Municipal Government to regulate traffic accidents, roads, vehicles, pilots and pedestrians, and to carry out the “ Knowledge, letter, line ”questionnaire, proposed for the weaknesses of the policy comments. [Methods] Through the methods of literature search, personnel interviews and discussion, we collected and compiled the laws and regulations related to traffic laws and regulations, traffic accident treatment, first aid for injured people and supervision and law enforcement. Through questionnaire survey, understand the key population (primary and secondary students, drivers) awareness of traffic safety knowledge. [Results] There were 21 regulatory documents covering comprehensive traffic management, drivers, vehicles, road environmental management and traffic law enforcement and traffic injury treatment and rescue. Eighty respondents in 18 departments and departments surveyed the department and department The relevant departments of the policy awareness rate of 100%, and build a multi-sector cooperation in the protection network. In more than 4,700 pupils and primary and middle school students, the awareness rate of driver survey results involving walking and cycling was 79.2% ~ 82.7% respectively, but the correlation between cognition and behavior decreased with age. The awareness of which people in motor vehicles should wear seat belts is 72%. The awareness rate of punishing drivers who drink or drive after driving a vehicle for violating traffic regulations is as high as 95%. [Conclusion] There is imbalance in different groups of cognition of traffic safety knowledge in the propaganda and implementation of traffic laws and regulations. There is a need to further improve traffic safety laws and regulations and strengthen publicity on traffic laws and safety so as to enhance awareness of traffic safety