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开展了轻气炮加载条件下材料动力学微观响应测量的实验研究。基于脉冲宽度约25ns的商业化闪光X射线源,采用积分式记录设备,建立了轻气炮加载条件下的实时X射线衍射诊断系统。介绍了实时X射线衍射测量原理及系统,讨论了由于冲击过程持续时间短,且闪光源输出X射线脉冲时具有延时和抖动,X射线脉冲与冲击波到达样品被探测区域难以同步的问题。最后,提出了采用精细的多层靶结构设计和纳秒响应的压电探针实现探测X射线脉冲和冲击波精确同步的方法,并获得了轻气炮加载下LiF晶体峰值压缩状态的实时X射线衍射图像。实验结果显示:加载压力为2.33GPa时,LiF晶体的晶格形变量为1.73%。该实验技术为开展轻气炮加载下材料微观特性研究提供了一种有效技术途径。
An experimental study on the microscopic response measurement of material dynamics under light gas gun loading was carried out. Based on a commercial flash X-ray source with a pulse width of about 25ns, a real-time X-ray diffraction diagnostic system under the condition of light gas gun loading is established by using integral recording equipment. The principle and system of real-time X-ray diffraction measurement are introduced. The problems that the X-ray pulse and the arrival of the shock wave are difficult to be synchronized in the detection area are discussed due to the short duration of the impact process and the delay and jitter of the X-ray pulse output by the flash light source. Finally, a precise multi-layer target structure design and nanosecond response piezoelectric probe is proposed to realize the precise synchronization between the X-ray pulse and the shock wave. The real-time X-ray Diffraction images. The experimental results show that the lattice strain of LiF crystal is 1.73% when the loading pressure is 2.33GPa. The experimental technique provides an effective technical approach for studying the microscopic properties of materials under light gas gun loading.