梁漱溟所倡导的乡村建设运动是20世纪前期中国乡村社会现代化的初步尝试,他清醒地意识到,“公德”观念的缺乏不仅对民众的精神状态造成了消极影响,而且阻碍着现代意义上的团体生活的发生。因此,他主张通过“乡村自治”的方式造就团体生活的必备品德,使农民在获得现代性物质利益的同时,养成关注和维护公共利益的基本素质,依靠公德的柔性力量推动乡村社会的现代化进程。但是,对传统道德力量的过度自信及趋利避害的考量,使他在维系团体生活的价值取向上终究未能摆脱向传统儒家伦理的回归。 The campaign of village construction advocated by Liang Shumin was a preliminary attempt to modernize the rural society in early 20th century in China. He clearly realized that the lack of the concept of “public morality” not only negatively affected the general public’s mental state, but also impeded the modern sense The occurrence of group life. Therefore, he advocated creating the necessary moral qualities of group life by means of “village autonomy ” so as to enable peasants to acquire the basic quality of paying attention to and safeguarding public interests while relying on the material interests of modernity and to rely on the flexible forces of morality to promote the rural areas The process of social modernization. However, the overconfidence of the traditional moral forces and the consideration of the advantages and disadvantages avoid his return to the traditional Confucian ethics after all, in the maintenance of the value orientation of the group life.