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侨汇政策是新中国非贸易外汇的主要来源。建国初期在中央“便利侨汇,服务侨胞”原则的指导下,闽粤等侨乡大省、中国银行先后推出促进侨汇寄递、优待侨汇汇率、扩大侨汇经营覆盖面、扶助侨批业复业等重要措施,加快了侨汇收入的增长。尽管此后受东南亚国家侨汇限制输出政策及国内土地改革、“三反五反”等社会运动影响,侨汇收入和侨批业经营积极性一度受挫,但随着向社会主义过渡期间对侨汇经营的高度重视以及贯彻侨汇保护政策的颁布,1956年侨汇经营国有化得以初步实现。侨汇政策的制定与发展与国家社会性质和社会政策变化紧密相关,同时因侨汇流入使侨眷家庭拥有大量外来资金,改变了侨眷家庭的生活水平和结构,由此也推动了侨乡社会特色的形成和发展。
The remittance policy is the main source of non-trade foreign exchange for New China. In the early days of the founding of the PRC, under the guidance of the principle of “facilitating overseas remittances and serving compatriots”, the major overseas Chinese and other major provinces and counties like Fujian and Guangdong and Bank of China successively launched such important tasks as promoting foreign remittance and sending remittances, treating exchange remittances more favorably, expanding remittance remittance coverage, and aiding overseas remittance and re-employment businesses Measures to speed up the remittances income growth. Although the subsequent reliance on remittances from Southeast Asian countries for export restrictions and social reforms such as domestic land reform and “three anti-five anti-corruption” and other social movements affected overseas remittance income and the enthusiasm of overseas Chinese businesses, the enthusiasm of overseas remittance businesses was frustrated. However, with the transition to socialism, Attaches great importance to the promulgation of the remittance protection policy, and nationalized remittance remittance was initially realized in 1956. The formulation and development of the remittance policy are closely related to the changes in the nature of the state and the social policy. At the same time, due to the influx of remittances, the overseas Chinese family owns a large amount of foreign funds and has changed the living standard and structure of the families of overseas Chinese dependents. And development.