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自从二战初期,英国和日本独立研制成功雷达后,飞机进行空袭的突然性就大为减少了。但地面雷达站的发现距离除受本身功率大小的限制外,更主要的受到地球是球体的限制。雷达波一般只能走直线,所以对飞行高度300米以下突防的飞机,地面雷达站发现距离一般不大于66千米。如果将雷达装在飞机上,地球表面弯曲的影响就可以大为减弱。反过来考虑,带雷达的飞机,如果雷达的功率足够,本身飞行高度9000米,就可以发现远在360千米处超低空飞行的飞机[粗略估计可用公式:发现距离=120×(高度(千米))~(1/2)]。这就是人们研制空中预警机的基本原因。
Since the early World War II, the independent research and development of radars by Britain and Japan have greatly reduced the suddenness of air strikes on the aircraft. However, the discovery distance of ground radar stations is limited by the size of its own power, and more importantly, by the sphere of the earth. Radar waves generally only go straight, so the altitude of 300 meters below the penetration of the aircraft, the ground radar stations found that the distance is generally not greater than 66 km. If the radar is mounted on an airplane, the effects of bending the Earth's surface can be greatly diminished. Conversely, an aircraft with a radar, if the radar is powerful enough to fly at an altitude of 9000 meters, will find an aircraft flying very low at 360 kilometers [a rough estimate of the available formula: Find the distance = 120 × (in thousands M)) ~ (1/2)]. This is the basic reason why people develop airborne early warning aircraft.