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实践表明我国实施的稻谷和小麦最低收购价政策有利有弊。虽然说最低收购价政策本质具有扭曲市场效应,但正是这一效应的存在,才有助于保障新形势下国家粮食安全。从根本上说选择继续稳定并不断完善稻谷小麦最低收购价政策是国家战略的需要。进一步地说,我国实施多年的稻谷小麦最低收购价政策的一些弊端并非完全不能克服,如果在实施稻谷小麦最低收购价政策时能够采取相应的配套措施,特别是同时采取生产契约和购销契约的制度安排,发展订单粮食生产经营,稻谷小麦最低收购价政策是可能在农业供给侧结构性改革和化解粮食高库存等方面更好地发挥积极作用的。
Practice shows that the implementation of China’s rice and wheat minimum purchase price policy has both advantages and disadvantages. Although the nature of the minimum purchase price policy has distorted market effects, it is the existence of this effect that helps to safeguard the national food security in the new situation. Fundamentally, the policy of choosing to continue stability and continuously improve the minimum purchase price of paddy and wheat is a national strategy. Further, some shortcomings in China’s policy of implementing the minimum purchase price of rice and paddy for many years are not completely insurmountable. If the implementation of the policy of minimum purchase price of paddy and wheat can take the corresponding supporting measures, especially the system of production contract and purchase and sale contract Arrangement and development of orders Grain production and management, the minimum purchase price of paddy wheat policy is likely to play a positive role in the structural reform of agricultural supply-side and resolve high food stocks.