实践哲学是马克思主义哲学区别于其他哲学的最显著的特征,其关照的客观世界成为一个由能动的,互相联系的部分构成的有机整体。许多马克思主义理论家抓住这一核心本质,构建自己的理论体系,突出文艺的社会功能。毛泽东、布莱希特、卢卡奇结合自己的理论实践和时代背景,发展了马克思主义的文艺观及人学特征。本文将重点讨论他们如何构建自己的理论体系以及他们之间的异同。文艺一般被认为有三种功能,即认知功能、社会 Practical philosophy is the most prominent feature that distinguishes Marxism from other philosophies. The objective world it cares for is an organic whole consisting of active and interconnected parts. Many Marxist theorists grasp this core essence, construct their own theoretical system, and emphasize the social function of literature and art. Mao Zedong, Brecht and Lukács developed Marxist literature and art view and humanity characteristics in combination with their own theoretical practice and the background of the times. This article will focus on how they built their theoretical systems and the similarities and differences between them. Literature and art are generally considered to have three functions, namely cognitive function, social