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目的了解沙坪坝区2005-2008年麻疹流行病学特征,制定麻疹预防控制措施。方法对2005-2008年麻疹疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2005年沙坪坝区麻疹疫情开始回升,2007年麻疹疫情大幅上升,报告发病率为32.25/10万;2005-2008年麻疹发病月份主要集中在4～7月,发病率城区高于农村(χ2=6.959,P<0.05);发病年龄集中在<1岁儿童;流动人口和免疫空白人群发病率高。结论沙坪坝区麻疹疫情上升的重要原因是流动人口和免疫空白人群的增加,应继续加强麻疹疫苗常规免疫工作,适时开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫,进一步加强新生入托入学查验预防接种证工作,加强重点人群免疫接种,提高免疫覆盖率,消除免疫空白人群。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Shapingba District from 2005 to 2008 and to develop measles prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of measles epidemic data in 2005-2008. Results The epidemic situation of measles in Shapingba district started to recover in 2005, and the epidemic rate of measles in 2007 increased significantly, with a reported incidence of 32.25 / 100 000. The monthly incidence of measles in 2005-2008 mainly concentrated in April to July, and the incidence was higher in urban areas than in rural areas (χ2 = 6.959, P <0.05). The age of onset was mainly in children <1 year old, and the incidence was high in floating population and immune blank. Conclusions The main cause of the increase of measles in Shapingba district is the increase of migrant population and immunization blank population. The routine immunization of measles vaccine should be strengthened. The measles vaccine should be boosted timely to further strengthen the vaccination certificate for enrollment of newly admitted students and to strengthen the immunization of key populations Inoculation, improve immune coverage, eliminate immune blank population.