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作为唯理论代表,笛卡儿试图把知识大厦建构在坚实的理性基础上。他确信,如果心灵对认识对象具有清楚明白的观念,那么它就是真的。此种观点被称为独断论。实用主义鼻祖皮尔士拒斥笛卡儿式的独断论,提倡可错论,但其可错论并不彻底。哈克察觉到皮尔士的困境,主张更加彻底的可错论,即包括数学、逻辑在内的所有知识均是可错的。哈克的可错论是对皮尔士的继承发展,它处于独断论和怀疑论之间,是一种颇诱人的更稳健的认识论。
As a representative of the theory of reason, Descartes tried to build a knowledge base on a solid rationale. He is convinced that if the mind has a clear idea of what the person knows, then it is true. This view is called dogmatism. Pierce, the founder of pragmatism, rejects Descartes’ dogmatism and advocates erroneous theory, but its erroneous notion is not complete. Huck sensed Peirce’s dilemma and advocated a more thorough and erroneous theory that all knowledge, including mathematics and logic, was erroneous. Huck’s erroneous theory is a succession of Peirce’s development, it is between dogmatism and skepticism, is a rather attractive and more robust epistemology.