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目的调查分析重症监护病房院内感染的发病率、易感部位、危险因素,探讨护理对策。方法对372例患者发生院内感染的部位、原因、病原菌进行回顾性分析。结果重症监护患者院内感染发生率为25.54%,发生的首要部位是下呼吸道,其次是泌尿道和上呼吸道。医院感染与患者年龄、性别、侵入性操作、住院时间、抗生素使用等有关。结论严格执行无菌技术操作,加强基础护理和重症监护病房环境管理,重视医务人员的交叉感染等措施可减少患者院内感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infections, susceptible sites and risk factors in intensive care unit and to explore nursing strategies. Methods 372 cases of nosocomial infections in the site, causes, pathogens were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of nosocomial infection in intensive care patients was 25.54%. The most common occurrence occurred in the lower respiratory tract, followed by the urinary tract and the upper respiratory tract. Hospital infection and patient age, gender, invasive operation, hospital stay, antibiotic use and so on. Conclusion Strict implementation of aseptic technique, strengthening of basic nursing and ICU’s environmental management, and paying attention to the cross-infection of medical staff can reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections.