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作为晚清时期最早在国内大规模开展国民性问题讨论且极具代表性的一份选刊,《东方杂志》主要围绕“民气”“民智”“民德”等概念,从不同角度对国民性问题进行现象分析,并从政治体制、社会制度、思想文化等层面入手,探究国民劣根性的病源,提出相应的解决办法。作为一种极具时代特色的话语实践,这些讨论为五四时期国民性问题的进一步探讨划定了基本的话题范畴,凸显了基本的问题导向,形成了一系列基础性的观念共识,也留下了诸多的问题。重返晚清国民性问题讨论的话语现场,对于更为清醒地反观二十世纪以来中国国民性问题的来龙去脉,更为理性地厘清其意义、价值与局限,具有十分重要的学术参照意义。
As one of the first representatively published articles in the late Qing period that discussed the issue of national character on a large scale in China, Oriental Magazine mainly focused on such concepts as “popular culture”, “civil wisdom” and “popular culture” From different perspectives, this paper analyzes the phenomena of national character and probes into the causes of national inferiority from the aspects of political system, social system and ideology and culture, and puts forward corresponding solutions. As a very discourse practice with the characteristics of the times, these discussions delineated the basic topic categories for the further exploration of the nationality issues in the May 4th Movement period, highlighted the basic problem orientation and formed a series of basic consensus ideas, Under a lot of problems. Returning to the discourse of discourse on the discussion of national character in the late Qing period is of great academic reference significance for more clearly reviewing the ins and outs of the Chinese nationality problem since the twentieth century and clarifying its meaning, value and limitations rationally.