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目的分析福建省风疹流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法对2006-2011年风疹发病资料进行流行病学分析。结果福建省2006-2011年共报告风疹发病10 355例,无死亡病例;发病率2009-2011年较2006-2008年上升了131.0%。除厦门和福州外,其它设区市发病具有年度间疫情波动幅度大的特征;宁德发病构成比持续在较高水平(年均18.6%),厦门持续较低水平(年均3.8%),其他设区市具有历史发病构成比水平越低,暴发/高发导致的升幅越大的特征;发病地域集中性明显,波及范围不断扩大;农村病例占80.9%,但城市病例呈逐渐增多趋势。发病高峰期3～6月(77.3%);男女性别比为1.4∶1,发病集中在30岁以下人群(94.7%),其中20～29岁育龄人群呈逐年增多趋势。聚集性疫情均报告自院校,与全省发病水平呈正相关。结论风疹防控工作应密切结合其流行病学特征,重点做好学校聚集性疫情的及时预测、预警和防控以及育龄妇女的健康防护。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Fujian Province and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of rubella in 2006-2011 was conducted. Results A total of 10 355 cases of rubella were reported in Fujian Province from 2006 to 2011 with no deaths. The incidence rate in 2009-2011 increased by 131.0% from 2006-2008. Except for Xiamen and Fuzhou, the outbreaks in other cities with districts had the characteristics of large fluctuations in annual outbreaks; the incidence ratio of Ningde continued to be at a relatively high level (18.6% annually), Xiamen maintained a relatively low level (3.8% annually), others The districts with the lower incidence rate of historical incidence, the larger the increase caused by the outbreak / high incidence; the concentrated incidence of the area is obvious, covering the scope of continuous expansion; rural cases accounted for 80.9%, but the urban cases showed a gradual increase trend. The incidence peaked from March to June (77.3%). The male / female sex ratio was 1.4: 1, and the incidence was concentrated in the group under 30 years of age (94.7%). The reproductive age group of 20-29 was increasing year by year. Aggregated epidemics were reported from institutions, and the incidence of the province was positively correlated. Conclusions The prevention and control of rubella should be closely combined with its epidemiological features, with a focus on timely prediction, early warning and prevention and control of the cluster epidemic in schools and the health protection of women of childbearing age.