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随着人为活动或干扰带来的污染物负荷的持续增加,海洋潮间带的环境压力日趋严重,然而重金属污染对潮间带的生态影响研究鲜见报道。以生物资源丰富的枸杞岛潮间带为研究区域,于2013年7月对7个站点表层沉积物中6种常见的重金属进行了调查,并通过单因子污染指数法、Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对污染现状及潜在生态危害进行了评价。结果表明,枸杞岛潮间带表层沉积物中Zn、Cu、As、Pb、Cd、Hg的平均质量比分别为91.33 mg/kg、34.12 mg/kg、6.62 mg/kg、4.40 mg/kg、2.14 mg/kg和0.04 mg/kg(干重)。除Cd超出我国GB 18668—2002《海洋沉积物质量标准》中的二类标准外,其余5种重金属质量比均满足一类标准。Cd、Hg和Pb的质量比在各站点间差异较大,Cu、Zn、As空间分布比较均匀。重金属残留水平与总有机碳质量分数有较明显的相关性,但与微粒径组分相关性不显著。污染及潜在生态风险评价结果都显示,Cd污染为中等到重度污染水平,其余重金属为轻微污染。总体来说枸杞岛潮间带沉积物生态风险较轻微,但存在Cd生态污染危害的风险。
As the load of pollutants brought by human activity or disturbance continues to increase, the environmental pressure of marine intertidal zone becomes more and more serious. However, the ecological impact of heavy metal pollution on the intertidal zone has rarely been reported. Taking the resource-rich wolf island intertidal zone as the research area, six common heavy metals in the surface sediments of seven sites were investigated in July 2013. The single factor pollution index, Hakanson potential ecological risk index Pollution status and potential ecological risk were evaluated. The results showed that the average mass ratios of Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd and Hg in the surface sediments of the wolf island were 91.33 mg / kg, 34.12 mg / kg, 6.62 mg / kg and 4.40 mg / mg / kg and 0.04 mg / kg (dry weight). In addition to Cd than GB 18668-2002 China’s “marine sediment quality standards” in the second category of standards, the remaining five kinds of heavy metals quality ratio to meet a standard. The mass ratio of Cd, Hg and Pb varied greatly among sites, and the spatial distribution of Cu, Zn and As was more uniform. The residual levels of heavy metals have a significant correlation with the total organic carbon mass fraction, but not with the particle size fraction. Pollution and potential ecological risk assessment results show that the Cd pollution is moderate to severe pollution levels, and the remaining heavy metals are slightly polluted. Overall, the ecological risk of the intertidal sediments in Goji Island is slight, but there is a risk of Cd ecological pollution.