药物从局部应用的赋形剂中经皮吸收是一个复杂过程。药物和赋形剂的理化特性以及皮肤的生理状态均能显著影响化学药物的穿透及其后的过程。药物经皮吸收,包括药物从赋形剂中转运到皮肤,经过表皮各层扩散穿透到真皮,以及其后经皮肤血管系统除去。在其药物动力学研究中,还应考虑药物在表皮的蓄积和代谢等情况。如通过测定尿中药物浓度来反映药物的吸收,则除用药的皮肤部位之外,还应考虑其他部分的药物动力学过程。所以应当确定哪些过程限制了局部用药的吸收速度和程度。本文提出的新模型采用4个一级过程的速度常数来描述药物的穿透特性,这样大大简化 Percutaneous absorption of drugs from topically applied excipients is a complex process. Physicochemical properties of drugs and excipients as well as the physiological state of the skin can significantly affect the penetration of chemical agents and their subsequent processes. Percutaneous absorption of the drug includes transport of the drug from the excipient to the skin, through the layers of the epidermis, through the dermis, and then through the cutaneous vasculature. In its pharmacokinetic studies, the accumulation and metabolism of drugs in the epidermis should also be considered. Such as by measuring the drug concentration in urine to reflect the absorption of the drug, in addition to the skin of the drug, other parts of the pharmacokinetic process should be considered. Therefore, it should be determined which process limits the speed and extent of the absorption of topical drugs. The new model proposed in this paper uses the velocity constants of four first-order processes to describe the drug’s penetration characteristics, which greatly simplifies