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在天然成岩作用和人工成岩作用过程中,流体与岩石在较高的温度下发生相互作用。人工成岩作用是在用蒸汽循环法,从阿尔伯塔省冷湖地区清水组储油层中,提取沥青中石油的过程中发生的。最早的成岩作用发生在微咸海水下面的沉积物—水界面上.随后埋藏水和压榨水的流动,导致了粘土和沸石混合层的发育.石英—方沸石—钾长石士伊利石是最强的成岩作用的产物。晚期的高岭石和碳酸盐是大气降水和石油的生物降解物之间互相作用的产物.在储油砂岩中存在有伊利石—蒙脱石。由循环蒸汽井生产过程中,收集到的水化学成分研究而得的地球化学模式表明;活度率部分地受储油层中的蒙脱石与水溶液之间的离子交换作用所控制。由于蒙脱石属成岩作用成因的及它具有控制水化学成分的功能,因而储油层在热开采过程中的表现可以用自然成岩作用来解释。
During natural diagenesis and artificial diagenesis, fluid interacts with rocks at higher temperatures. Artificial diagenesis occurs during the extraction of bitumen oil from the Qingshui Formation reservoir in the Cold Lake area of Alberta using the steam cycle method. The earliest diagenesis occurred at the sediment-water interface beneath the salt water, followed by the flow of buried water and squeezed water, resulting in the development of a mixed layer of clay and zeolite Quartz-analcime-potash Feldspar Strong diagenetic product. Late kaolinite and carbonate are the products of the interaction between precipitation and petroleum biodegradation, with the presence of illite-montmorillonite in oil sands. The geochemical modeling of the collected water chemistry from the production of circulating steam wells shows that the activity rate is controlled in part by the ion exchange between the montmorillonite and the aqueous solution in the reservoir. Due to diagenesis of montmorillonite and its ability to control the chemical composition of water, the performance of the reservoir during thermal recovery can be explained by natural diagenesis.