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拖欠养老金问题,这不是新鲜的话题。然而,近几年来这个问题在全国范围内却有愈演愈烈之势,在一些地区还相当严重,不能不令人关注。 有关数据表明,拖欠养老金涉及的地区越来越广,涉及的企业、离退休人员越来越多,欠发金额也越积越大。这不仅直接影响着一部分离退休人员基本生活的保障,还使一部分人产生了对社会保险的不信任感,如果任其发展,必将危及社会保险事业的发展,影响社会的稳定。拖欠养老金的原因是多方面的:宏观上有部分企业在经济调整、转轨转制中因经营困难效益不佳而欠缴养老保险费,致使基金收不抵支,支付困难;微观上有统筹层次低、覆盖面窄、地区之间基金积累及其承受能力和收支不平衡、双基数收缴保险费和差额结算、社会化发放不到位等问题。此外,笔者认为,至少还有4个方面的问题也应引起人们,特别是决策者的重视。
The problem of default in pensions is not a fresh topic. However, this issue has been on a nationwide scale in recent years. It is still quite serious in some areas and can not but cause any concern. Relevant statistics show that the area covered by the pensions is getting wider and wider. There are more and more retired enterprises and retirees involved, and the amount owed is also growing larger. This not only directly affects the guarantee of the basic living of some retirees but also gives some people a sense of lack of trust in social insurance. If they are allowed to develop, they will endanger the development of social insurance and social stability. There are many reasons for the default of pensions: Some enterprises in macroscopically have not paid their old-age insurance due to poor management efficiency in the course of economic restructuring and transitional transfer. As a result, the funds have not received any payment and have difficulty in payment. Low coverage, narrow area, the accumulation of funds between regions and their affordability and unbalanced revenue and expenditure, the collection of insurance premiums and balances, settlement of social issues are not in place. In addition, I believe that there are at least four aspects of the problem should also cause people, especially policymakers attention.