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描述并分析北京市2001～2006年来喹诺酮类药物、加替沙星和左氧氟沙星的医院市场销售趋势,以及加替沙星和左氧氟沙星在不同级别医院的利用情况,为管理层的相关政策提供数据支持。方法:通过收集资料、现场问卷调查和访谈,进行定量和定性调查,运用卫生经济学研究方法进行描述性统计分析。结果:①2005年北京市二级以上医院喹诺酮类抗菌药、左氧氟沙星和加替沙星的销售金额分别为27251.90万元、22478.28万元和1425.69万元;左氧氟沙星和加替沙星使用人次分别为166.75万人次和4.71万人次。②喹诺酮类药物在2001年后的增长势头明显放缓乃至下降;尽管左氧氟沙星一直排在各类喹诺酮类抗菌药的首位,但销量却在逐年下降;而加替沙星的走势却自从2003年上市以来,正以每年228.13%的速度抢占着北京市场。③2005年北京市二级以上医院两类药物次均治疗费用分别为:加替沙星302.70元,左氧氟沙星134.80元。结论:截止到2005年,药品招标和连续降价等直接影响医院用药的调控政策,在现行医院运营的体制下,并未起到促进医疗机构使用价廉物美药品的作用。制药企业和医院很快就找到了价格相对较高的左氧氟沙星的替代品——加替沙星,而这并非因临床应用存在问题而找到的替代品种。这不能不说明了在抗生素临床利用方面,政府有关部门的宏观调控政策和监管尚需进一步完善。
Describe and analyze the marketing trend of quinolones, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in Beijing from 2001 to 2006, and the utilization of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in different levels of hospitals to provide data support for the management’s policies. Methods: Through the collection of data, on-site questionnaires and interviews, we conducted quantitative and qualitative surveys and conducted descriptive statistics analysis using the method of health economics. Results: ① The sales amount of quinolone antibacterials, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin in hospitals above Grade 2 and above in Beijing in 2005 were 272.519 million yuan, 224.782 million yuan and 14.2569 million yuan respectively; the use of levofloxacin and gatifloxacin was 1.6875 million The number of people and 41,700 passengers. ② Quinolone obviously slowed down or even decreased its growth momentum after 2001. Although levofloxacin ranks the first place among all kinds of quinolone antibiotics, its sales volume has been declining year by year. However, the trend of gatifloxacin has been listed since 2003 Since then, 228.13% annual rate is seizing the Beijing market. ③ In 2005, the average treatment costs of two types of drugs in Grade II and above hospitals in Beijing were respectively 302.70 yuan for gatifloxacin and 134.80 yuan for levofloxacin. Conclusion: As of 2005, the regulation and control policies that directly affect hospital medication such as drug bidding and continuous price reduction have not played a role in promoting the use of cheap medicines in medical institutions under the existing hospital operation system. Pharmaceutical companies and hospitals soon found a relatively expensive alternative to levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, which is not a substitute for the problems found in clinical applications. This can not but explain the clinical use of antibiotics, the government departments in macro-control policies and regulatory still needs further improvement.