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近几年来,福建省农科站土肥微生物组用自制73型营养诊断盒对水稻进行营养诊断时,除作了形态鉴定和植株养分测定外,还对土壤有效养分进行了点滴速测。这种诊断盒为塑料外壳,内装榨汁器、各种零件、装贮试剂的5毫升微型塑料滴管和备品盒,体积小,可装于上衣口袋,便于在田间进行速测。作物吸收养分与根际周围土壤的状况关系极大,所以用点滴分析法速测土壤有效养分时,以取植株根系周围的土样数份棍合为宜。要注意土样的代表性。 (一)铵态氮(NH_4-N)的测定铵态氮是水稻氮素营养的主要形态。 1.原理土壤中铵离子主要呈代换性状态吸附在土壤胶体中,用氯化钠浸提时,钠离子把土壤中的铵离子代换出来,故用钠氏试剂测定。钠氏试剂是碘汞化钾碱性
In recent years, Fujian Province Agricultural Station Soil Fertilizer Microbiological Group with self-made 73-type nutritional diagnostic cassette for nutritional diagnosis of rice, except for the morphological identification and plant nutrient determination, but also on the soil available nutrients for a rapid test. This diagnostic box is a plastic case containing a 5 ml plastic dropper and spare parts box for juicer, various parts and reagent storage. It is small and can be installed in the shirt pocket for quick test in the field. Crop nutrient uptake and the soil around the rhizosphere of a great relationship, so with the rapid analysis of soil available nutrients, take the roots of plants around the soil sample several sticks is appropriate. Pay attention to the representativeness of soil samples. (A) Determination of ammonium nitrogen (NH_4-N) Ammonium nitrogen is the main form of nitrogen nutrition in rice. 1. Principle Soil ammonium ion is mainly in the state of substitution for adsorption in soil colloids, sodium chloride extraction, the sodium ion in the soil to replace the ammonium ions, it is measured with sodium reagent. Sodium reagent is iodine, mercury, potassium, alkaline