传统的修辞学认为换喻是为了修辞,增加其效果和作用。但80年代开始,换喻的语言学研究盛行,特别是语用学认为换喻是发话人有意识地构建话语,让听话人更好地理解或者更强烈地体会到其意图的一种理想语用效果的言语行为。致于听话人在推意换喻转义时有哪些制约条件,本文对此作简单的探讨。 The traditional rhetoric considers metonymy as rhetoric to increase its effectiveness and effect. However, since the 1980s, the study of linguistics of the metonymy became prevalent. In particular, pragmatics holds that the metaphor is a kind of idealistic pragmatics that the speaker constructs the discourse conscientiously and makes the hearer understand it better or more strongly. Effect of speech act. To the obedience of the obedient when it comes to the metonymic metaphor escalation constraints, this article for a simple discussion.