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在灌溉地区,土地的平整度是保证灌溉效果、夺取丰收的重要条件。因此,在进行农田基本建设过程中,应当尽量做到田面平整。通常是用目测法确定平整度,而眼力总是有限的,平整的土地往往不够理想,在劳力上也造成浪费。利用水准仪(包括土水准仪)测定田面各点的高程,计算挖填土深度,就可在施工中做到心中有数,避免窝工和返工。同时还可根据测点高程计算控填土方量,并结合搬运距离,就能估算出某块开垦或平整土地的需工量。
In the irrigated area, the flatness of the land is an important condition for ensuring the irrigation effect and achieving a good harvest. Therefore, in the process of farmland capital construction, the field should be as flat as possible. Flatness is usually determined by visual inspection, and eyesight is always limited. Flat land is often less than ideal and labor is wasted. The use of water level (including the soil level instrument) to determine the elevation of the various points on the ground, calculate the depth of excavation and filling, can be aware of in the construction, to avoid nesting and rework. At the same time can also calculate the amount of filling control earthwork according to the elevation of the measuring point, and combined with the carrying distance, we can estimate the demand for a piece of land reclaimed or leveled.