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知识经济的诞生是信息技术革命的产物。在知识经济社会,技术要素已经代替资本、劳动与自然资源,成为一国国际贸易发展,乃至整个经济发展的主导要素。技术要素不仅与国际贸易理论的发展息息相关,而且正改变着国际贸易的商品结构和贸易方式。 一、技术要素与国际贸易理论 技术要素与国际贸易、经济增长之间的关系已成为当前国际贸易理论的研究重点。马库森和斯文森(Makusen & Svenson,1985)沿着李嘉图的模型把技术作为一种外生变量,认为,即
The birth of a knowledge-based economy is a product of the revolution in information technology. In a knowledge-based economy, the technological elements have replaced capital, labor and natural resources and become the dominant factor in the development of international trade and even the entire economic development in a country. The technical elements are not only closely linked with the development of international trade theory, but are also changing the structure of goods and the mode of trade in international trade. I. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TECHNICAL FACTORS AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY The relationship between the technical elements and international trade and economic growth has become the focus of current international trade theory. Makusen & Svenson (1985) used technology as an exogenous variable along Ricardo’s model, arguing that