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癫痫持续状态(SE)是指一次癫痫发作持续1小时以上或两次癫痫发作间期无意识恢复的状况。由于脑损害的程度随SE持续时间的延长而增加,因而近年有学者提出将定义SE的时间缩短至30分钟。SE不仅能造成急性脑损伤,而且还可以使血浆儿茶酚胺水平升高,引起全身多系统病理异常,如高血压、心律失常、心肌缺血、高血糖、酸中毒及高热等。如果SE能及时得到控制,上述变化可自行恢复正常;若SE不能及时终止,可进一步导致低血压、低血糖、肺水肿及持续性酸中毒,甚至累及生命。因此,正确认识、及时处理SE的并发症对挽救病人的生命,改善预后具有重要意义。近25年来,人们对SE引起的多系统损害尤其是脑损害进行了广泛的研究,对其发生机制有了进一步认识,
Status epilepticus (SE) refers to a seizure lasting more than 1 hour or two episodes of unconscious seizure recovery. As the extent of brain damage increases with the duration of the SE, some scholars have proposed in recent years that the time to define the SE be shortened to 30 minutes. SE can not only cause acute brain injury, but also make plasma catecholaminergic levels, causing systemic multiple pathological abnormalities such as hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, hyperglycemia, acidosis and fever. If the SE can be controlled in time, the above changes can be normalized by themselves; if SE can not be terminated in time, it can further lead to hypotension, hypoglycemia, pulmonary edema and persistent acidosis, and even life-threatening. Therefore, a correct understanding of the timely treatment of complications of SE to save the patient’s life, improve the prognosis of great significance. In the past 25 years, extensive studies have been conducted on the multi-system damage caused by SE, especially brain damage, and further understanding of its mechanism has been carried out.