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本文按时间线索对中外《格萨尔》史诗的研究历程进行概观性讨论。从蒙古语文本的发现到后来的翻译和评介,俄罗斯、蒙古国及其他地区的西方学者围绕《格萨尔》史诗开展了早期研究;1900年前后,在印度周边地区和我国藏族地区陆续发现的藏语文本引起了相关学者的高度关注;20世纪40年代以来,随着西方学界的持续性研究,一门具有现代学术理念的专门学科——“格萨尔学”应运而生;20世纪50年代末期,两部具有代表性的研究著作相继面世,进一步奠定了“格萨尔学”在国际人文学科中的学术地位。国内的格萨尔研究始于上个世纪30年代,至1950年,这门学问也开始引起新中国政府与学者的高度关注。可以认为,20世纪80年代以来,“格萨尔学”中心已从西方学界逐步转移到了中国,并发扬光大。
This article takes an overview of the research process of the Chinese and foreign “Gesar” epics by time clues. From the discovery of Mongolian texts to the subsequent translation and evaluation, western scholars in Russia, Mongolia and other regions conducted early studies on the epic of Gesar. Before and after 1900, they were successively discovered in the surrounding areas of India and in the Tibetan areas of our country Since the 1940s, with the continuous research of western academic circles, a special subject with modern academic concepts - “Gesar Studies” came into being; 20 In the late 1950s, two representative research works were published one after another, further laying the academic status of “Gesar ” in the international humanities. The domestic study of Gesar began in the 1930s. By 1950, this study began to attract the attention of the new Chinese government and scholars. It can be considered that since the 1980s, the Gesar Studies Center has been gradually shifted from western academic circles to China and has been flourishing.