选用了两个化肥厂的失活甲醇合成催化剂 ,采用 XRD、 SEM、 SEM- EDS、 TEM、 XPS、 TPR、 CO- TPD和化学吸附等方法对催化剂进行比较测试 .结果表明 ,硫中毒、积炭、铜粒长大和杂质金属沉积等是造成甲醇合成催化剂失活的因素 .由于某一种或几种因素都导致催化剂活性表面积的降低 ,对反应物 CO吸附量减少 ,或造成催化剂对 CO吸附能力的降低 ,从而降低合成甲醇反应的活性 .硫中毒和铜粒长大是普遍存在的最主要因素 .合成甲醇的反应条件不同 ,造成催化剂失活的原因也有所不同 . The catalyst for methanol synthesis was deactivated by using two chemical fertilizers and the catalysts were tested by XRD, SEM, SEM-EDS, TEM, XPS, TPR, CO-TPD and chemical adsorption methods respectively.The results showed that sulfur poisoning and carbon deposition , Copper grain growth and impurity metal deposition are the factors that cause the deactivation of the catalyst for methanol synthesis.Due to the decrease of the active surface area of ​​the catalyst due to one or several factors, the adsorption amount of CO on the reactant decreases or the adsorption capacity of the catalyst on the CO , Thus reducing the activity of the synthetic methanol reaction.Sulfur poisoning and copper particle growth is the most common ubiquitous factors.The reaction conditions for the synthesis of methanol, resulting in catalyst deactivation of the reasons are also different.