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针对云南澜沧老厂铅矿沉凝灰岩,分别研究了遇水膨胀软化和在水中崩解的物质因素。对膨胀物质因素的研究,在使用多种检测设备的基础上,精心设计了多种对比实验,获得了准确可信的具有一致性的研究结论。进行了溶出前后X荧光检测对比、不同特征凝灰岩X衍射检测对比、区域物质和膨胀点物质的扫描电镜及电子探针检测对比,确定了膨胀的物质基础。在研究凝灰岩遇水崩解的物质因素时,设计实验对比,对溶出离子用ICPAES进行离子浓度检测,先初步查定可能对崩解起主要作用的溶出离子,再用相关离子的饱和溶液进行防塌验证,确认对崩解起作用的溶出离子。研究结果表明:澜沧老厂凝灰岩吸水快速软化的主要物质原因为凝灰岩中含有大量的高岭石成份,层片状结构的高岭石快速吸水导致快速膨胀和垮塌;凝灰岩中的可溶物溶解对澜沧老厂凝灰岩崩解起十分重要的作用,阻止溶出可阻止垮塌,Na+及K+的溶出是凝灰岩崩解的重要物质因素。
Aiming at the lead-laden tuff in the Lancang old factory in Yunnan Province, the material factors of water swelling, softening and disintegration in water were studied respectively. On the basis of the research on the factors of swelling substances, a variety of comparative experiments have been elaborated on the basis of using a variety of testing equipment, and accurate, credible and consistent research conclusions have been obtained. X-ray fluorescence detection before and after dissolution contrast, different characteristics of the X-ray detection of tuff contrast, the regional material and the swelling point of the material by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe detection contrast to determine the material basis of expansion. In the study of the factors that caused the tuff to dissolve in water, the experimental design was compared with that of ICPAES. The initial concentration of dissolved ions was determined by ICPAES, and then the saturated solution of related ions Confirm verification and confirm dissolution of ions that work on disintegration. The results show that the main material reason for rapid softening of tuff in Lancang old factory is that kaolinite contains a large amount of kaolinite in the tuff. Rapid water absorption by lamellar kaolinite rapidly inflates and collapses; dissolved matter in tuff It plays an important role in the disintegration of the tuff in the Lancang old factory. Preventing the dissolution can prevent the collapse, and the dissolution of Na + and K + is an important material factor for the disintegration of the tuff.