学习了《自然界中的水》这部分知识后,可能有的同学会出现这样的错误认识:水是由氢气和氧气组成的;水是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成的。这样的错误认识,主要源于同学们对“混合物和纯净物”的概念区分不清。从宏观上来看:纯净物由元素组成。由于水是纯净物,所以“水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的”;从微观上来看:纯净物由微观粒子构成。水分子构成水,所以“水是由水分子构成的”。 After learning some of the “water in nature,” some students may have the misconception that water consists of hydrogen and oxygen and that water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. This kind of misunderstanding mainly comes from the students’ unclear distinction between the concept of “mixture and pure substance”. From a macroscopic point of view: pure things from the elements. Because water is pure, “water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.” From the microscopic point of view, pure things consist of microscopic particles. Water molecules make up water, so “water is made of water molecules.”