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以257份玉米自交系为材料,采用灰色关联分析方法,对影响玉米自交系产量(单株粒重)的主要表型性状进行研究。结果表明:关联序排在前三位的是全生育期、散粉期与吐丝期,生育期是影响玉米自交系单株粒重最重要的因素,其他性状与单株粒重的密切程度依次减小;与产量相关的主要性状中,关联序排在前三位的是穗位、穗长、百粒重;总体排序为全生育期>散粉期>吐丝期>穗位>穗长>百粒重>全株叶数>株高>穗位叶面积>穗粗>出苗期>行粒数>行数;高产玉米自交系选育目标:尽量延长生育期,提高穗长及百粒重,其他性状适中,协调相关因素,提高产量。本试验利用大量有代表性的玉米自交系,明确了主要农艺性状对产量的贡献,为选育高产玉米自交系提供了理论参考依据。
Using 257 maize inbred lines as materials, the main phenotypic traits affecting the yield of maize inbred lines (grain weight per plant) were studied by the gray relational analysis method. The results showed that the most important factors affecting the grain weight per plant of maize inbred lines were the whole growth period, the stages of powdering and silking, and the growth period. The close relationship between other characters and grain weight per plant Followed by a decrease; the main traits related to yield were the ear position, the ear length, and the 100-grain weight in the top three rankings; the overall rankings were the whole growth period> the loose period> the silking stage> the ear position> the spike length > One hundred kernel weight> Whole plant leaf number> Plant height> Ear leaf area> Ear diameter> Seedling number> Number of rows> Number of rows; Breeding objectives of high yielding maize inbred line: Try to extend the growth period, Grain weight, other traits moderate, coordinate the relevant factors, increase production. In this experiment, using a large number of representative maize inbred lines, the contribution of major agronomic traits to yield was clarified, which provided the theoretical reference for breeding high-yielding maize inbred lines.