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目的了解医院住院患者感染多重耐药菌(MDROs)的分布特点和相关感染危险因素,为防控多重耐药菌感染提供理论依据。方法通过病原学标本检测和药敏试验方法,对某综合医院2014年全年住院患者送检病原学标本分离多重耐药菌进行检测与统计分析。结果该医院全年共检出多重耐药菌134株,其中有45.52%为医院内获得感染,社区获得感染占54.48%。MDROs感染患者主要分布在重症监护病房和神经内科,感染部位居前3位的是呼吸道、泌尿道和伤口。MDROs菌株中,以耐碳青霉烯类的铜绿假单胞菌构成比最高,为26.87%;其次是多重耐药大肠埃希菌和表皮葡萄球菌。结论该医院住院患者感染耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌居多,应有针对性地实施干预措施,加强耐药菌监测和消毒隔离措施。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of hospitalized patients with multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDROs) and the related risk factors of infection in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections. Methods The pathogenic specimens were detected and susceptibility test method was used to detect and statistically analyze the multi-drug-resistant bacteria isolated from etiological specimens from hospitalized patients in a general hospital in 2014. Results A total of 134 multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected in the hospital. Among them, 45.52% were hospital-acquired infections and 54.48% were community-acquired infections. Patients with MDROs were mainly found in intensive care units and neurology, with the top three infections being the respiratory tract, urinary tract and wounds. Among the MDROs strains, the composition ratio of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the highest (26.87%), followed by multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusion Inpatients in this hospital are mostly resistant to carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interventions should be targeted to strengthen monitoring and disinfection and isolation of resistant bacteria.