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目的:研究荞麦种子提取物(EBR)对大鼠小肠α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用及对餐后血糖水平的影响,探讨荞麦降血糖的可能机制。方法:提取大鼠小肠α-葡萄糖苷酶,测定EBR体外对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用;一次性灌胃麦芽糖(2g.kg-1),同时灌EBR(50、100mg.kg-1),测定60min后血糖水平的变化;以阿卡波糖(acar-bose,ACAR)作为阳性对照药物。结果:随着EBR和阿卡波糖浓度(0.001,0.01,0.1,1,10mg.ml-1)的增加,对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用逐渐增强,有明显的浓度-效应关系,其中阿卡波糖作用强于ΕΒR,但当EBR浓度达到10mg.ml-1时,其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率已达80%,相当于浓度1mg.ml-1的ACAR的作用。体内餐后血糖实验结果显示,EBR可显著抑制大鼠一次性灌胃麦芽糖60min后血糖水平的升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),与对照组比较,低、高剂量的EBR和ACAR对餐后血糖的抑制率分别为(40.85±7.43)%、(57.48±9.28)%和(76.39±7.94)%,但高剂量EBR和ACAR对大鼠空腹灌胃麦芽糖后血糖水平的升高没有差异(P>0.05)。结论:EBR体内外对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性均有明显抑制作用,其降低血糖作用机制之一是抑制小肠α-葡萄糖苷酶活性实现的。
Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of buckwheat seed extract (EBR) on small intestine α-glucosidase in rats and its effect on postprandial blood glucose levels, and to explore the possible mechanism of buckwheat hypoglycemia. Methods: The small intestine α-glucosidase was extracted and the inhibitory effect of EBR on α-glucosidase activity in vitro was determined. Maltose (2g.kg-1) was orally administered once and EBR (50,100mg.kg-1) ), The changes of blood glucose level after 60min were measured. Acar-bose (ACAR) was used as the positive control drug. Results: With the increase of EBR and acarbose concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg.ml-1), the inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase gradually increased with a significant concentration-effect relationship Acarbose was more potent than ΕΒR, but its inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase reached 80% when the concentration of EBR reached 10mg.ml-1, corresponding to the effect of ACAR at the concentration of 1mg.ml-1. The results of in-vivo postprandial glucose test showed that EBR significantly inhibited the increase of blood glucose level (P <0.05, P <0.01) in rats after one-time oral administration of maltose for 60 minutes. Compared with the control group, low and high dose of EBR and ACAR The postprandial blood glucose inhibition rates were (40.85 ± 7.43)%, (57.48 ± 9.28)% and (76.39 ± 7.94)%, respectively. However, high dose EBR and ACAR had no difference in fasting plasma glucose levels after fasting (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: EBR can inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase both in vivo and in vitro. One of the mechanisms of its effect on reducing blood glucose is to inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase in small intestine.