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为明确心土对作物产量的贡献和P、Ca培肥心土的效果,采用盆栽试验与室内模拟试验相结合的方法,研究心土层对作物产量贡献和白浆土心土培肥的机理。结果表明:良好的心土层对作物产量影响十分明显。黑土厚度从20 cm增加到60cm,大豆增产40.4%;不同土层位置对大豆产量的贡献率分别为:20～40 cm土层10%以上,40～50 cm土层为4.57%;50 cm以下土层为1%。磷培肥后心土层吸附磷的能力降低、解吸率增加,土壤中有效磷含量提高;钙培肥后心土层土壤电导率和pH提高,但使土壤中磷的有效性降低;磷培肥后磷在土壤中主要转化为Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P和Ca10-P。
In order to clarify the contribution of soil and water to crop yield and the effect of P and Ca on soil fertility, the contribution of soil layer to crop yield and the mechanism of soil fertility improvement from white soil were studied by a combination of pot experiment and laboratory simulation. . The results showed that the good soil and soil layer had an obvious effect on crop yield. The thickness of black soil increased from 20 cm to 60 cm and the yield of soybean increased 40.4%. The contribution rates of different soil layers to soybean yield were respectively above 10% in 20-40 cm soil layer and 4.57% in 40-50 cm soil layer; Soil is 1%. After phosphorus fertilization, the ability of phosphorus adsorption in the soil layer decreased, the desorption rate increased, and the content of available phosphorus in the soil increased; soil conductivity and pH increased in the soil layer after calcium fertilization, but decreased the availability of phosphorus in the soil; After fertilization, phosphorus is mainly converted into Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Ca10-P in the soil.