一、导官当前通用的一些教研参考书中一些板书样式，如果细细分析起来，就会发现这样两点不足：一是过于求全，精炼不足；二是力求规范，形式单一。这里仅以鲁迅《拿来主义》的板书设计为例：闭关自守排外（选自《中学语文190篇基本教集选》下研第63页）这种板书很有代表性，其 First, the guide general some of the current teaching and research reference books in some of the blackboard style, if carefully analyzed, you will find such two deficiencies: First, too demanding, not enough refining; Second, to standardize the form of a single. Take Lu Xun's “Bringing It” as an example. Here is a typical example of a type of writing design: closed-door xenophobia (Selected from “190 Middle School Chinese Texts,” page 63)