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异化史观是马克思早期的哲学人本主义思想,这一观点如何转向广义历史唯物主义一直是学界争论的焦点。立足于异化史观到“泛分工论”的视角,可以看出马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中隐含着两条逻辑线索:一是异化劳动的哲学批判线索,二是对象化劳动的经济学实证线索。其研究方法经由抽象的哲学人文批判到模仿国民经济学的经验历史主义方法再到广义历史唯物主义方法的推进,揭示了异化史观逐步解构、对象化逻辑取代异化逻辑、逐渐成为独立的发展线索从而建构起广义历史唯物主义哲学世界观。此时,历史唯物主义深层视域中真正的现实的人文关怀才凸显出来。
The history of alienation is Marx’s early philosophical humanism. How to shift this view to general historical materialism has always been the focus of academic debate. From the perspective of the history of alienation to the perspective of “division of labor,” we can see that Marx implied two logical clues in “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844”: one is the clue of philosophical criticism of alienated labor, and the other is the object Empirical clues to the economics of labor. His method of research, from abstract philosophical and humanistic critique to empirical historical method imitating national economy and then to generalized historical materialism, reveals the gradual deconstruction of the history of alienation and the logic of objectification replacing the logic of alienation and gradually becoming independent development clues Thus constructing a broad philosophical worldview of historical materialism. At this time, the real realistic humanistic concern in the deep horizon of historical materialism is highlighted.