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A群链球菌是引起化脓性感染的链球菌中最常见的血清群,除可引起化脓性炎症外,尚与风湿热、肾小球肾炎等变态反应性疾病有关。近年来,各国学者对该菌细胞内外的致病因子进行了大量研究,现将研究进展简介如下: 一、细胞璧结构及其生物学特性 (一)脂磷壁酸(Lipotcichoic acid,LTA) 1.化学组成LTA由线形的磷酸甘油多聚体经1—3磷酸二酯键交叉相连组成,多聚磷酸甘油骨架可不向程度地被葡糖基、丙氨酰基和脂酰基所代替。A群链球菌LTA的类脂部分为甘油磷酰二葡糖基二甘油酯(Glycerophosphoryldiglucosyl diglyce)。
Group A Streptococcus is the most common serogroup in Streptococcus causing suppurative infections. In addition to causing suppurative inflammation, it is associated with allergic diseases such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. In recent years, scholars from various countries have carried out a large number of studies on the pathogenic factors inside and outside of the bacteria. The progress of the research is summarized as follows: 1. Cell Biomechanics and Its Biological Characteristics 1. Lipotichichic acid (LTA) 1 The chemical composition LTA is composed of linear phosphoglycerol multimers cross-linked by 1-3 phosphodiester bonds, and the polyphosphate glycerol backbone may not be replaced to the extent by glucosyl, alanyl and acyl acyl groups. The lipid moiety of Streptococcus group A LTA is Glycerophosphoryldiglucosyl diglyce.