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于2013年7月对东海和南黄海海水中CO的浓度分布、时空变化、海-气通量和表层海水中CO微生物消耗进行了研究.夏季东海和南黄海大气中CO的体积分数范围为68×10-9~448×10-9,平均值为117×10-9(SD=68×10-9,n=36),呈现出近岸高、远海低的特点.夏季东海和南黄海表层海水中CO的浓度范围为0.23~7.10 nmol·L-1,平均值为2.49 nmol·L-1(SD=2.11,n=36),CO的浓度受太阳辐射影响明显;不同站位CO浓度的垂直分布特征基本相同,CO浓度最大值一般出现在表层,随深度增加CO浓度迅速减小.夏季东海和南黄海海水中CO浓度具有明显的周日变化,最大值是最小值的6~40倍.各层最大值基本出现在中午,最小值基本上出现在凌晨前后.CO明显的周日变化特征进一步证明海水中CO主要由光化学产生.调查期间东海和南黄海表层海水中CO相比大气处于过饱和状态,过饱和系数变化范围为1.99~99.18,平均值为29.36(SD=24.42,n=29),表明调查海域是大气中CO的源.调查期间CO的海-气通量变化范围为0.37~44.84μmol·(m2·d)-1,平均值为12.73μmol·(m2·d)-1(SD=11.40,n=29).调查海域CO的微生物消耗培养实验中,CO的浓度随时间增长呈指数降低,消耗过程符合一级反应的特点,微生物消耗速率常数KCO范围为0.12~1.45 h-1,平均值为0.47 h-1(SD=0.55,n=5),微生物消耗速率与盐度之间有一定的相关性.
The CO concentration distribution, spatio-temporal variations, sea-air fluxes and CO microbial consumption in surface waters of the East China Sea and the South Yellow Sea were studied in July 2013. The volume fraction of CO in summer in the East China Sea and South Yellow Sea was 68 × 10-9 ~ 448 × 10-9 with an average of 117 × 10-9 (SD = 68 × 10-9, n = 36) The concentrations of CO in seawater ranged from 0.23 to 7.10 nmol·L-1 with an average value of 2.49 nmol·L-1 (SD = 2.11, n = 36). The concentration of CO was significantly affected by solar radiation. The vertical distribution characteristics are basically the same, the maximum CO concentration appears on the surface, and the concentration of CO decreases rapidly with increasing depth.The concentration of CO in the sea water of the East China Sea and the South Yellow Sea in summer has a significant diurnal variation with a maximum of 6 to 40 times the minimum . The maximum value of each layer appeared at noon, and the minimum value basically occurred before and after the early morning. The obvious sun variation characteristics of CO further proves that the CO in seawater is mainly produced by photochemistry. During the survey, the CO in the surface seawater of the East China Sea and the South Yellow Sea is lower than that of the atmosphere In the supersaturated state, the supersaturation coefficient varies from 1.99 to 99.18 with an average of 29.36 (SD = 24.42, n = 29 ), Indicating that the sea area under investigation is the source of CO in the atmosphere.The sea-air fluxes of CO vary from 0.37 to 44.84μmol · (m2 · d) -1 during the survey period with an average of 12.73μmol · (m2 · d) -1 (SD = 11.40, n = 29) .In the microbial culture experiment of CO in the surveyed sea area, the concentration of CO decreased exponentially with the increase of time and the process of consumption conformed to the characteristics of the first order reaction. The KCO range of microbial consumption rate was 0.12-1.45 h -1, with an average value of 0.47 h-1 (SD = 0.55, n = 5). There was a certain correlation between microbial consumption rate and salinity.