黄河中游地区的水土保持工作和效益,近年来出现了突破性进展。在当地增产方面,农民群众的生活水平有了明显的改善,并为今后治穷致富、开发山区明确了努力方向。在为下游减沙方面,自七十年代开始黄河中游来沙逐渐减少,八十年代以来下游河道淤积基本上停止,三门峡水库淤积的压力也得到缓和。这是黄河治理的新动向。我们必须把握时机,分析研究黄河减沙的原因,并为巩固和进一步发展已有水保增产减沙效益确定工作方针方向和应采取的措施。 一、黄河中游减沙效果分析 黄河中游减沙主要发生在水保治理程度较高的河龙区间(即自河口镇以下至龙门的黄河 Soil and water conservation efforts and benefits in the middle reaches of the Yellow River have seen a breakthrough in recent years. With regard to the increase in local output, the standard of living of the peasants and the masses has been significantly improved. It has also made it clear that the direction for the development of mountain areas will become more prosperous for the future. In terms of downstream sediment reduction, the sedimentation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River has been gradually reduced since the 1970s, siltation in the lower reaches of the river basically ceased since the 1980s, and siltation of the Sanmenxia Reservoir has been eased. This is a new trend of the Yellow River governance. We must seize the opportunity to analyze and study the causes of the sediment reduction in the Yellow River and to determine the direction of work and the measures to be taken to consolidate and further develop the benefits of the existing water and soil conservation and sediment reduction. First, the middle reaches of the Yellow River Sediment reduction effect Sediment reduction in the middle reaches of the Yellow River occurs mainly in the higher level of water and soil conservation Dragon River range (from the estuary below the Yellow River to the Dragon Gate