在岩石地下工程开挖中,为了保证施工的顺利进行,首先必须注意防止坍方的发生。但是,由于工程地质、水文地质条件的复杂,加上勘测、设计、施工某些环节工作不细,考虑不周,甚至失误,以致坍方事故仍时有发生;而这种情况往往会带来经济损失,贻误工期,甚至造成人身伤亡事故。因此,对坍方进行及 In the underground rock excavation project, in order to ensure the smooth construction, we must first pay attention to prevent the occurrence of landslides. However, due to the complexity of engineering geology and hydrogeological conditions, coupled with the fact that some aspects of surveying, design and construction work are not detailed, inattentive or even in error, accidents of landslides still occur frequently; this often results in an economy Loss, delay the construction period, and even personal injury. Therefore, the collapse of and