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根据目前的考古发现和碳测年代,最早的栽培水稻Oryza sativa,出现在气候温湿的全新世早期的中国中部的长江中下游地区。浙江省的河姆渡遗址因其丰富的水稻遗存而闻名,年代早至公元前5000年(Chang 1986:208—212;Liu 1985)。最近在湖南省北部发掘的彭头山遗址,又把水稻的历史上推到大约公元前6000年,常规的和采用加速器质谱仪(AMS)的两种碳素测年都证明了这一点(Yan 1991)。
According to the current archaeological discoveries and carbon dating dates, the earliest cultivated Oryza sativa appeared in the warm and wet climate in the early and middle Holocene, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in central China. The Hemudu Site in Zhejiang Province is famous for its abundant rice relics dating back to 5000 BC (Chang 1986: 208-212; Liu 1985). The recent Pengtoushan Site excavated in the northern part of Hunan Province, again pushing the history of rice to about 6,000 BC, as evidenced by both conventional and carbon dating using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) 1991).